centos7系统安装配置kvm软件步骤

1 kvm相关安装包及其作用

qemu-kvm 主要的KVM程序包

python-virtinst 创建虚拟机所需要的命令行工具和程序库

virt-manager GUI虚拟机管理工具

virt-top 虚拟机统计命令

virt-viewer GUI连接程序，连接到已配置好的虚拟机

libvirt C语言工具包，提供libvirt服务

libvirt-client 为虚拟客户机提供的C语言工具包

virt-install 基于libvirt服务的虚拟机创建命令

bridge-utils 创建和管理桥接设备的工具

2 安装kvm 软件

大致列下步骤：

[root@361way ~]# yum -y install qemu-kvm   libvirt virt-install bridge-utils virt-manager

2.1 查看是否加载kvm模块

[root@kvm ~]# lsmod|grep kvm

kvm_intel             138567  0

kvm                   441119  1 kvm_intel


#如果没有这两条，可以用"modprobe kvm"加载；

#相关命令"insmod;rmmod;modinfo"

2.2 启动libvirtd

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start libvirtd           # 启动

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd          # 开机启动

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep libvirtd      # 检测是否开机启动

libvirtd.service                            enabled

3 置网卡桥接

3.1 修改网卡文件eno16777736

 [root@kvm ~]# cd   /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

[root@kvm network-scripts]# echo "BRIDGE=br0"   >> ifcfg-eno16777736  
# 在ifcfg-e**原网卡文件中增加"BRIDGE=br0"

3.2 新建网桥文件ifcfg-br0(网桥名称),增加内容如下

[root@kvm network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-br0

*************************************************

DEVICE=br0                                 

TYPE="Bridge"      #大小写敏感，所以必须是Bridge

BOOTPROTO="dhcp" 

ONBOOT="yes"

DELAY="0"

STP="yes"         #这一行是来启动STP,和brctl命令行出来的结果有关

*************************************************

3.3 重启NetworkManager及network服务：

[root@kvm network-scripts]# systemctl restart NetworkManager

# 当你手动修改了网卡文件后，需要重启NetworkManager服务来重新接管网络配置

# 网卡配置文件和NetworkManager配置冲突时，解决方案:｛1、重启NetworkManager;2、关闭NetworkManager｝

 

[root@kvm network-scripts]# systemctl restart network

[root@kvm network-scripts]# ip a                                                   #ip命令用来查看和管理ip信息

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    inet6 ::1/128 scope host

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:61:5c:1d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN

    link/ether 52:54:00:b6:45:5b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 500

    link/ether 52:54:00:b6:45:5b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

6: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP

    link/ether 00:0c:29:61:5c:1d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.0.32/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global dynamic br0

       valid_lft 11979sec preferred_lft 11979sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe61:5c1d/64 scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

7: vnet0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UNKNOWN qlen 500

    link/ether fe:54:00:cb:63:b2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet6 fe80::fc54:ff:fecb:63b2/64 scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

3.4 查看网桥连接

[root@kvm network-scripts]# brctl show                                               #brctl是一个网桥连接管理命令

bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces  #如果上面不设置STP=yes，这里就会显示no

br0             8000.000c29615c1d       yes             eno16777736

                                                                                 vnet0

virbr0          8000.525400b6455b       yes             virbr0-nic

4 selinux防火墙关闭

# setenforce  0
 # sed -i 's/=enforcing/=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

5 打开图形界面

[root@bogon ~]# virt-manager